skin in good santé, ni sèche, ni rêche, est une peau bien nourrie, dont toutes les cellules se renouvellent d'une façon optimale. Étalée sur la surface corporelle, sans début ni fin, l’organe de la peau est la première, la plus grande défense du corps, contre les coups, le chaud, le froid, le soleil, les microbes et le danger. Dans l’utérus, le vernix , une substance blanchâtre, grasse et lubrifiante recouvre et isole la p eau de bébé des éléments salés du liquide amniotique. En fin de grossesse, le vernix se détache de son corps mais il en reste suffisamment pour l'aider to slip out of the womb. Therefore exposed to the air, the baby's delicate skin offers vulnerable to various sensations, irritation and possible attacks. The person now nourishing standby to protect the child brought into this new space committing to new relationships in the world. In adults, the area of the skin varies between 1.5 m and 2 m. Skin weighs on average 7 kilograms (about 15% of the mass corp orelle total). The skin is thinner in women than in men. It prevents the entry of most foreign bodies. The best defenses of the skin consist of his maintenance, healing wounds and what favors it. People who lose too much skin, for example by burning, are highly likely to succumb to infections. They are not sufficiently immunized against the outside and lose too much of the faculty to identify essential information regarding the existence, and the ability to perceive accurately what affects them . So the best environment for care in this case is a sterile, highly guarded. You can lose sight, hearing, the use of one or more members, but we can not survive without the skin. La peau comprend trois couches superposées : l'épiderme, le derme et l'hypoderme.
L'épiderme, couche superficielle assez mince, elle-même composée de plusieurs couches, protège les couches plus profondes, ainsi que les organes. Son épaisseur varie entre 1,5 et 4 mm suivant la région du corps que l’on considère; celle qui recouvre la plante des pieds et la paume des mains est plus épaisse que celle du reste du corps. La couche la plus profonde de l’épiderme, la couche basale, repose sur le derme. On y trouve des mélanocytes qui produisent la melanin (natural pigment) under the control of our genes. Depending on their concentration, they give her color to the skin of humans found in changes from brown to dark pinkish-white. Meanwhile, the body protects itself from the quantity and intensity of sunlight by producing more or less melanin: the phenomenon of tanning. Under continuous exposure to sunlight, humans can develop a permanent tan. But UVA rays can cause damage e No depth in the dermis, where there are collagen and elastin, and UVB rays can cause the reddening of the skin, making the surface layer most fragile. People with fair complexions are more fragile. The extreme case of absence of melanin in the skin, hair, hair, eyes, is a genetic condition known: the albinism. Also spectacular is the skin so black it reflected royal blue, or that Krishna, the skin became blue absorption of solutions based on silver. The dermis layer of skin is much thicker than the epidermis. It contains the hair shaft, one hundred sweat glands, 1 meter blood vessels, 3000 endings
nerve and 3 million cells per sqm. The dermis has a role to adapt to the movements of structures located beneath him as muscles, tendons, fascia, but also protect the body blows. The elastin, fibrillin and collagen are proteins synthesized and secreted into the extracellular space. Elastin allows cells to bind and allows tissue to form. Equal diameter, it is 5 times more elastic than elastic. It can stretch up to 150% of its resting length avant de se briser. Ainsi, elle permet aux tissus de s’étirer et de retrouver leur état initial après l’étirement, ce qui leur donne de la souplesse. Aussi, le bon fonctionnement de la peau, des poumons, des vaisseaux sanguins, des tissus conjonctifs, de certains tendons et cartilages est étroitement lié à la caractéristique extensible de l’élastine. La production totale d’élastine s’arrête autour de la puberté. Pendant la grossesse, le contenu en collagène de l'utérus humain est multiplié par sept et le contenu en élastine par quatre ou cinq contribuant au maintien d'une force mécanique élevée de l'utérus, nécessaire à childbirth. The available amount of elastin decreases with time, elastin located replaced by inextensible collagen. The stretch marks and aging skin are visible examples of this process. If they can slow the aging process of the skin, it is impossible to reverse or stop it. The rapidity with which this process occurs depends on heredity and lifestyle (abuse, alcohol, tobacco, fatigue / lack of exercise). Except through a process of mummification, it is impossible to find the remains of archaeological excavations in the skin. " Dust, dust you shall return. "
The deepest layer of skin, called the hypodermis, contributes to the vital exercise to retain and produce heat and dampen shock, so protect the internal organs through its fat storage tends to accumulate in humans who do not burn enough calories. In women, this is the subcutaneous fat that causes the orange peel and motivates so many diets, exercises, creams and treatments so that the skin regains a normal appearance, sometimes to the detriment of health. This fat storage also has a sexual character: curvaceous thighs, hips and buttocks in women, and then cutting the belly and shoulder width in humans.
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